USA and Canada

Not all of the Yanks:

First voyage


A replica of the Santa Maria

The year 1492, on the evening of August 3, Columbus left from Palos with
three ships, the Santa Maria, Pinta. The ships were property of Juan de la
Cosa and the Pinz??rothers (Canary Islands, fortunately owned by Castile,
where he reprovisioned and made repairs, and on September 6 started the five
week voyage across the ocean.

A legend is that the crew grew so homesick and fearful that they threatened
to hurl Columbus overboard and sail back to Spain. Although the actual
situation is unclear, most likely the sailors' resentments merely amounted
to complaints or suggestions.

After 29 days out of sight of land, on 7 October 1492 as recorded in the
ship's log, the crew spotted shore birds flying West and changed direction
to make their landfall. A comparison of dates and migratory patterns leads
to the conclusion that the birds were Eskimo curlews and American golden
plover.

Columbus called the island he reached San Salvador, The Native Americans he
encountered, the Ta? or Arawak, were peaceful and friendly. He wrote with
such awe of the friendly innocence and beauty of these Indians in their
tropical that he inadvertently created the enduring myth of the Noble
Savage. "These people have no religious beliefs, nor are they idolaters.
They are very gentle and do not know What evil is; nor do they kill others,
nor steal; and they are without weapons.". No blood was shed on this first
voyage; he believed conversion to Christianity would be achieved through
love, not force.

On this first voyage, Columbus also explored the northeast coast of Cuba
(landed on October 28) and the northern coast of Hispaniola, by December 5.
He believed the peaks of Cuba to be the Himalayas, which gives one a sense
of just how lost he was and how long it took the peoples of the world to map
the Earth. (The vast interior of the North and South American mainlands
would of course be largely mapped with the leadership of Native guides and
interpreters.) Here the Santa Maria ran aground and had to be abandoned. He
was received by the Native cacique Guacanagari, who gave him permission to
leave Some of his men behind. Columbus founded the settlement La Navidad and
left 39 men.

On January 4, 1493 he set sail for home, not yet understanding the
elliptical nature of the trade winds that had brought him west. He wrestled
his ship against the wind and ran into one of the worst storms of the
century. He had no choice but to land his ship in Portugal, where he was
told a fleet of 100 caravels had been lost. (Astoundingly, both the Ni??nd
the Pinta were spared.)

Some have speculated that landing in Portugal was intentional.

The relations between Portugal and Castile were poor at the time, and he was
held up, but finally released. Word of his discovery of New lands rapidly
spread throughout Europe. He didn't reach Spain until March 15, when the
story of his journey was in its third printing. He was received as a hero in
Spain, and this was his moment in the sun. He displayed several kidnapped
natives and What gold he'd found to the court. Isabella immediately had the
Indians clothed in warm velvets; her tenderness for her New subjects would
be a thorn in conquistadors' plans for years. Columbus also displayed the
previously unknown tobacco plant, the pineapple fruit, the turkey and the
sailor's first love, the hammock. Naturally, he did not bring any of the
coveted Indian spices, such as the exceedingly expensive black pepper,
ginger or cloves. In his log he wrote "there is also plenty of aj?which is
their pepper, which is more valuable than [black] pepper, and all the people
eat nothing else, it being very wholesome" (Turner, 2004, P11). The Word
aj?b is still used in South American Spanish for chili peppers.


Second voyage


Columbus left from Cadiz, Spain for his second voyage (1493-1496) on
September 24 1493, with 17 ships carrying supplies and about 1200 men to
assist in the subjugation of the Ta? and the colonization of the region. On
October 13 the ships left the Canary Islands, Following a more southerly
course than on the first vogage.

On November 3 1493, Columbus sighted a rugged island which he named
Dominica. On the same day he landed at Marie-Galante (which he named Santa
Maria la Galante). After sailing past Les Saintes (Todos los Santos),
Columbus arrived at Guadaloupe (Santa Maria de Guadalupe), which he explored
from November 4 through November 10. The exact course of his voyage through
the Lesser Antilles is debated, but it seems likely that Columbus turned
north, sighting and naming several islands including Montserrat (Santa Maria
de Monstserrate), Antigua (Santa Maria la Antigua), Redonda (Santa Maria la
Redonda), Nevis (Santa Mar?de las Nieve or San Martin), Saint Kitts (San
Jorge), Sint Eustatius (Santa Anastasia), Saba (San Cristobal), and Saint
Martin or Saint Croix (Santa Cruz). Columbus also sighted the island chain
of the Virgin Islands, (which he named Santa Ursula y las Once Mil
Virgines), and named the islands of Virgin Gorda, Tortola, and Peter Island
(San Pedro).

Columbus continued to the Greater Antilles and landed at Puerto Rico (San
Juan Bautista) on November 19 1493 . On November 22, he returned to
Hispaniola, where he found his colonists had fallen into dispute with
Indians in the interior and had been killed. He established a New settlement
at Isabella, on the north coast of Hispaniola where gold had first been
discovered; it was a poor location and the settlement was short-lived. He
spent Some time exploring the interior of the island for gold and did find
some, establishing a small fort in the interior. He left Hispaniola on April
24, 1494 and arrived at Cuba (which he named Juana) on April 30 and Jamaica
on May 5. He explored the south coast of Cuba, which he believed to be a
peninsula rather than an island, and several nearby islands including the
Isle of Youth (La Evangelista) before returning to Hispaniola on August 20.

Before he left on his second voyage he had been directed by Ferdinand and
Isabella to maintain friendly, even loving relations with the natives.
However, during his second voyage he sent a letter to the monarchs proposing
to enslave Some of the Native peoples, specifically the Caribs, on the
grounds of their aggressiveness. Although his petition was refused by the
Crown, in February, 1495 Columbus took 1600 Arawak as slaves. 550 slaves
were shipped back to Spain; two hundred died en route, probably of disease,
and of the remainder half were ill when they arrived. After legal
proceedings, the survivors were released and ordered to be shipped back
home. Some of the 1600 were kept as slaves for Columbus's men, Columbus
recorded using slaves for sex in his journal. The remaining 400, who
Columbus had no use for, were let go and fled into the hills, making,
according to Columbus, prospects for their future capture dim. Rounding up
the slaves resulted in the first major battle between the Spanish and the
Indians in the New world.

The main objective of Columbus's journey had been gold. To further this
goal, he imposed a system on the natives in Cicao on Haiti, whereby all
those above fourteen years of age had to find a certain quota of gold, which
would be signified by a token placed around their necks. Those who failed to
reach their quota would have their hands chopped off. Despite such extreme
measures, Columbus did not manage to obtain much gold. One of the primary
reasons for this was the fact that natives became infected with various
diseases carried by the Europeans.

In his letters to the Spanish king and queen, Columbus would repeatedly
suggest slavery as a way to profit from the New discoveries, but these
suggestions were all rejected: the monarchs preferred to view the natives as
future members of Christendom.


Third voyage and arrest


On May 30, 1498, Columbus left with six ships from Sanlucar, Spain for his
third trip to the New World. He was accompanied by the young Bartolome de
Las Casas, who would later provide partial transcripts of Columbus's logs.

After stopping in the Canary Islands and Cape Verde, Columbus landed on the
south coast of the island of Trinidad on July 31. From August 4 through
August 12, he explored the Gulf of Paria which separates Trinidad from
Venezuela. He explored the mainland of South America, including the Orinoco
River. He also sailed to the islands of Chacachcare and Margarita Island and
sighted and named Tobago (Bella Forma) and Grenada (Concepcion). Initially,
he described the New lands as belonging to a previously unknown New
continent, but later he retreated to his position that they belonged to
Asia.

Columbus returned to Hispaniola on August 19 to find that many of the
Spanish settlers of the New colony were discontent, having been misled by
Columbus about the supposedly bountiful riches of the New world. Columbus
repeatedly had to deal with rebellious settlers and Indians. He had Some of
his crew hanged for disobeying him. A number of returned settlers and friars
lobbied against Columbus at the Spanish court, accusing him of
mismanagement. The king and queen sent the royal administrator Francisco de
Bobadilla in 1500, who upon arrival (August 23) detained Columbus and his
brothers and had them shipped home. Columbus refused to have his shackles
removed on the trip to Spain, during which he wrote a long and pleading
letter to the Spanish monarchs.

Although he regained his freedom, he did not regain his prestige and lost
his governorship. As an added insult, the Portuguese had won the race to the
Indies: Vasco da Gama returned in September 1499 from a trip to India,
having sailed east around Africa.


Last (fourth) voyage and later life


Nevertheless, Columbus made a fourth voyage, nominally in search of the
Strait of Malacca to the Indian Ocean. Accompanied by his brother
Bartholomew and his thirteen-year Old son Fernando, Columbus left Cadiz,
Spain on May 11, 1502. On June 15, they landed at Carbet on the island of
Martinique (Martinica). A hurricane was brewing, so Columbus continued on,
hoping to find shelter on Hispaniola. Columbus arrived at Santo Domingo on
June 29, but was denied port. Instead, the ships anchored at the mouth of
the Jaina River.

After a brief stop at Jamaica, Columbus sailed to Central America, arriving
at Guanaja (Isla de Pinos) in the Bay Islands off the coast of Honduras on
July 30. Here Bartholomew found Native merchants and a large canoe, which
was described as "long as a galley" and was filled with cargo. On August 14,
Columbus landed on the American mainland at Puerto Castilla, near Trujillo,
Honduras. Columbus spent two months exploring the coasts of Honduras,
Nicaragua, and Costa Rica, before arriving in Almirante Bay, Panama on
October 16.

In Panama, Columbus learned from the natives of gold and a strait to another
ocean. After much exploration, he established a garrison at the mouth of Rio
Belen in January 1503. On April 6, one of the ships became stranded in the
river. At the same time, the garrison was attacked, and the other ships were
damaged. Columbus left for Hispaniola on April 16, but sustained more damage
in a storm off the coast of Cuba. Unable to travel any farther, the ships
were beached in St. Anne's Bay, Jamaica, on June 25, 1503.

Columbus and his men were stranded on Jamaica for a year. Two Spaniards,
with Native paddlers, were sent by canoe to get help from Hispaniola. In the
meantime Columbus, in a desperate effort to induce the natives to continue
provisioning him and his hungry men, successfully intimidated the natives by
correctly predicting a lunar eclipse, using the Ephemeris of the German
astronomer Regiomontanus. Grudging help finally arrived on June 29, 1504,
and Columbus and his men arrived in Sanlucar, Spain, on November 7.

While Columbus had always given the conversion of non-believers as one
reason for his explorations, he grew increasingly religious in his later
years. He claimed to hear divine voices, lobbied for a New crusade to
capture Jerusalem, often wore Franciscan habit, and described his
discoveries of the "paradise" as part of God's plan which would soon result
in the Last Judgement and the end of the world.

In his later years Columbus demanded that the Spanish Crown give him 10% of
all profits made in the New lands, pursuant to earlier agreements. Because
he had been relieved of his duties as governor, the Crown felt not bound by
these contracts and his demands were rejected. His family later sued for
part of the profits from trade with America, but ultimately lost Some fifty
years later.

On May 20, 1506, Columbus died in Valladolid, fairly wealthy due to the gold
his men had accumulated in Hispaniola. He was still convinced that his
discoveries were along the East Coast of Asia. Following his death, the body
of Columbus underwent excarnation - the flesh was removed so that only his
bones remained. Even after his death, his travels continued: first interred
in Valladolid and then at the monastery of La Cartja in Seville, by the will
of his son Diego, who had been governor of Hispaniola, the remains were
transferred to Santo Domingo in 1542. In 1795 the French took over, and the
corpse was removed to Havana. After the war of 1898, Cuba became independent
and Columbus's remains were moved back to the cathedral of Seville, where
they were given a pompous cataflaque. However, a lead box Bearing an
inscription identifying "Don Christopher Columbus' and containing fragments
of bone and a bullet was discovered at Santa Domingo in 1877. To lay to rest
claims that the wrong relics were moved to Havana and that Columbus is still
buried in the cathedral of Santo Domingo, DNA samples were taken in June
2003 (''History Today'' August 2003).
================================================== =======
Yes, I copied and pasted the info......but, it is commonly known, even
amongst the 'merkins', that Chris didn't make it to the States. Contrary to
some Canadian and British beliefs, not all 'merkins', especially those in
Texas, are completely ignorant.
Why, some of us even know how to pronounce noo-klee-are and the rest of us
know what is meant by noo-cue-lar. We can, however, differentiate between
"hydro" (water) and electricity. Oh yeah, you may want to note when ol'
Chris took slaves, as well.
Heirloom, old and one of the
many


"Heather" wrote in message
...
Gee....no American takers? OK...where did "Cristoforo Colombo" land on
his 2nd and 3rd voyages??

Oh...I forgot. We are all Canadian and British here....that's why. You
already know the answers, lol.

XX Figgs

"Heather" wrote in message
...
OK...a bit of trivia here. It baffles the Yanks every time.

Where did Columbus land when he *discovered* America? The Yanks have
statues and a holiday dedicated to him, but they don't know the answer
usually. And no fair peeking on Google, grin.

They also don't know we whupped their butts in the War of 1812 (when we
were still British) and we chased them back to Washington and burned the
White House.

Canada Rules!!

"John John" wrote in message
...
Alias wrote:

Again, in which continent is Canada located? The fact that you don't
call yourselves "Americans" or "North Americans" is commendable but
please look at an atlas. All British, French, Spanish, etc. are also
Europeans and you are an American.

With that logic then people in the Middle East should be called Asians?

John

Actually, the winning of WWII was a concerted effort by a number of forces,
not the least of which were the brave pilots of the RAF and their mighty
Spitfires (a formidable aircraft even by today's standards). Yes, WE (the
brave men and women of the United States of America) helped, as did the
Russians and many other countries.

Why am I lowering myself to this crap? I should be flogged. This is the Me
NG....this is where people come to have fun and learn and help others. This
mindless bickering is the food of fools and my belly is full.
Heirloom, old and gonna stick with my diet


yep, and that is why the USA is now called southern Canada, oh that is
right it is NOT called southern Canada but rather the USA; because
although you may have won a battle you LOST that war! Even the tiniest of
countries military can win a battle or skirmish now and then; but winning
the war is another thing. I stand by the statement that if it were not
for the USA, all of you Canadians would be speaking German as most likely
would the rest of the world. The USA WON WW2, and maybe that is what
sticks in you crawl and makes you PO'ed; because we DID WIN WW2 and you
and the rest of the world knows that no matter how much you say different
it does NOT make it so

And here I thought you had died (at least you told us never to show up
again).
Are we witnessing a resurrection?
In that case, we better brace ourselves.
For the moment your opinion here is useless without atonement

Harry.


"Sugien" wrote in message
...

"Heather" wrote in message
...

"NunYa" wrote in message
oups.com...
Just sit back and HONESTLY ask your self if you would want to live
in a world without the USA? and remember I said honestly without any
nationalistic pride or what ever. Just think what shape the rest of
the world would be in had the USA never been founded?

Where would I start? Slavery would have been abolished in 1834, along
with the rest of the world...but no, the USA didn't abolish it till 1865
(or was that 1965).

I do not believe in Slavery but! slavery as is thought by most is a myth;
because were it not for slavers selling the slaves the slaves would be
DEAD!!. Until the tribes started selling their captives into slavery to
be
taken out side of their country, they routinely killed their captives
until
the slave ships showed them they could trade them for more weapons to go
and
attack more of their country men. The USA did NOT invent slavery; but
admitted they did continue with it far too long



The USA sat back until Feb. of 1942 while the rest of the us fought in
WW2
from September of 1939.

Yes....we were in England at the very beginning and there was a squadron
of American pilots who flew out of Canada because they couldn't do so
under the American flag.

But without the USA, Hitler would have won and you would now not have
Canada
or ANY freedom what so ever; because Germany was very close to perfecting
their atomic bomb and would have blasted mankind back into the stone age,
well all except for Germany. So thank the USA for your freedom; but of
course you will not; because the USA is the evil empire until some nation
try's to take over the world and then we are the good guy until we save
everyone's ars.



No war in Vietnam....

Vietnam had been at war for HUNDREDS of years before the USA got there,
before the USA the French were there.



No war in Iraq.....

Maybe not; but if it were not for the USA Iraq would be the very least of
the worlds problems; because as I already said, Germany would be ruling
the
world right now



No Yahoo in Washington who thinks he has a direct line to God, who is
*saving the world from terrorists*. Even tho the terrorists came from
Afghanistan, not Iraq. Guess he skipped geography in high school.
Along
with his National Guard duties.

Feel free to add to this list, coz I have laundry to do which takes
precedence over arguing with a Dimbulb!!

You just don't get it do you! Without the good ole US of A, you would NOT
HAVE A COUNTRY to sit in and spout trash against what is most likely the
best country on earth. The USA comes to the aid of everyone and then when
their troubles are over their countrymen stab us in the back and call us
the
ugly Americans. You would not have computers, (American invention) you
would not have the Internet, well the list goes one and one; but the
biggest
thing, without the USA, Germany may have won the first world war and
certainly would have won the second and then no one here or any where else
would be having any talk on line; because Hitler would not allow it.

Ant wrote:

He must be bored with the drivel in AHM, and has come back for some
mental stimulation.

Mental stimulation for a retarded troll? Nothing short of a brain
transplant will bring him relief from his delusions and mental incapacity.
--
Mike Maltby

"Alias" wrote in message
...
Sugien wrote:

"Heather" wrote in message
...

Gee....no American takers? OK...where did "Cristoforo Colombo" land on
his 2nd and 3rd voyages??

Oh...I forgot. We are all Canadian and British here....that's why. You
already know the answers, lol.

XX Figgs

"Heather" wrote in message
...

OK...a bit of trivia here. It baffles the Yanks every time.

Where did Columbus land when he *discovered* America? The Yanks have
statues and a holiday dedicated to him, but they don't know the answer
usually. And no fair peeking on Google, grin.

They also don't know we whupped their butts in the War of 1812 (when we
were still British) and we chased them back to Washington and burned the
White House.


yep, and that is why the USA is now called southern Canada, oh that is
right it is NOT called southern Canada but rather the USA; because
although you may have won a battle you LOST that war! Even the tiniest of
countries military can win a battle or skirmish now and then; but winning
the war is another thing. I stand by the statement that if it were not
for the USA, all of you Canadians would be speaking German as most likely
would the rest of the world. The USA WON WW2, and maybe that is what
sticks in you crawl and makes you PO'ed; because we DID WIN WW2 and you
and the rest of the world knows that no matter how much you say different
it does NOT make it so



Using your logic and crystal ball fantasies, you should be speaking
Vietnamese now.

you sure have never studied logic I see; because the premise was, if the USA
was not: ergo, the Vietnam war in that context is not germane to the
supposition

although true as far as it goes; but had the USA not developed the Atomic
bomb *before* Germany , Germany and Hitler would have won
"Heirloom" wrote in message
...
Actually, the winning of WWII was a concerted effort by a number of
forces, not the least of which were the brave pilots of the RAF and their
mighty Spitfires (a formidable aircraft even by today's standards). Yes,
WE (the brave men and women of the United States of America) helped, as
did the Russians and many other countries.

Why am I lowering myself to this crap? I should be flogged. This is the
Me NG....this is where people come to have fun and learn and help others.
This mindless bickering is the food of fools and my belly is full.
Heirloom, old and gonna stick with my diet


yep, and that is why the USA is now called southern Canada, oh that is
right it is NOT called southern Canada but rather the USA; because
although you may have won a battle you LOST that war! Even the tiniest of
countries military can win a battle or skirmish now and then; but winning
the war is another thing. I stand by the statement that if it were not
for the USA, all of you Canadians would be speaking German as most likely
would the rest of the world. The USA WON WW2, and maybe that is what
sticks in you crawl and makes you PO'ed; because we DID WIN WW2 and you
and the rest of the world knows that no matter how much you say different
it does NOT make it so

"Alias" wrote in message
...
Sugien wrote:

"Heather" wrote in message
...

"Sugien" wrote in message
t...

"Anon" Spamfree wrote in message
.. .

Just sit back and HONESTLY ask your self if you would want to live
in a world without the USA?

Yes. The world would quite possibly be a damn site better place without
the US or at least its leaders but then again we will never know will
we. The US has no respect for the individual or their lives. Retaining
the death penalty as it does and openly practising torture and the
denial of international law suggests the US, or its authorities, is at
best a primitive society and at worst a nation of savages.


No; because at the very least Hitler and most likely also the emperor of
Japan would now be in charge if it were not for the USA

Hello!!! You didn't even enter into WW2 until 1942, so don't give me
that crap!! While our guys were dying in battle for 2.5 years, the US
ignored the whole thing......until you got creamed at Pearl Harbour!!

I get so sick of hearing that if it wasn't for the US, we would be
speaking German!! You only get into wars for monetary gain.....not out
of caring about the rest of the world. The rest of the world tries to
keep the peace, not start wars.


That does not change the fact that if there were no USA then Germany
would have won.




Actually, had there not been snow and very cold weather in Germany's
campaign towards Moscow, Germany would have won the war. You can thank the
Russians that you weren't creamed by the Germans.

No actually our German scientists built and the USA deployed the atomic bomb
before their German scientists could and that won the war; but what actually
won the war was determination by all those on the winning side; but I still
stand by my original statement that if it were not for the USA, the world
would be in a far far WORSE condition

"Ant" wrote in message
...
"Heather" wrote:

"Ant" wrote:
Hi Sooge!

Omigod!! Thank you, Ant. I should have checked the headers!! And he is
even answering himself as NunYa.

He must have found his spellchecker!! Or stolen a copy of Office. (G)

I knew he couldn't bear to be away from us.....ROFL!!

He must be bored with the drivel in AHM, and has come back for some
mental stimulation.



actually our little war against NAMBLA goes well and we are outing quite a
lot of those that would harm children. Our efforts should be national if
not world new before much longer

"Mike M" wrote in message
...
Ant wrote:

He must be bored with the drivel in AHM, and has come back for some
mental stimulation.

Mental stimulation for a retarded troll? Nothing short of a brain
transplant will bring him relief from his delusions and mental incapacity.
As always those with tiny brains (you and a few others) have to resort to
name calling and trying to be a school yard bully when they can NOT keep up
with or play on a level mental playing field.

Actually NO, I said I was leaving which I did, I did NOT however say I would
NOT come back, I did tell another NG that, and gave them my word which I
have not broken and have NOT returned their; but that is their loss and your
gain. I go where I like and say what I like and if tiny minds and even
smaller intellects can't deal with it, say lah V (spelled that way because I
can)
"webster72n" wrote in message
...

And here I thought you had died (at least you told us never to show up
again).
Are we witnessing a resurrection?
In that case, we better brace ourselves.
For the moment your opinion here is useless without atonement

Harry.


"Sugien" wrote in message
...

"Heather" wrote in message
...

"NunYa" wrote in message
oups.com...
Just sit back and HONESTLY ask your self if you would want to live
in a world without the USA? and remember I said honestly without any
nationalistic pride or what ever. Just think what shape the rest of
the world would be in had the USA never been founded?

Where would I start? Slavery would have been abolished in 1834, along
with the rest of the world...but no, the USA didn't abolish it till
1865
(or was that 1965).

I do not believe in Slavery but! slavery as is thought by most is a myth;
because were it not for slavers selling the slaves the slaves would be
DEAD!!. Until the tribes started selling their captives into slavery to
be
taken out side of their country, they routinely killed their captives
until
the slave ships showed them they could trade them for more weapons to go
and
attack more of their country men. The USA did NOT invent slavery; but
admitted they did continue with it far too long



The USA sat back until Feb. of 1942 while the rest of the us fought in
WW2
from September of 1939.

Yes....we were in England at the very beginning and there was a
squadron
of American pilots who flew out of Canada because they couldn't do so
under the American flag.

But without the USA, Hitler would have won and you would now not have
Canada
or ANY freedom what so ever; because Germany was very close to perfecting
their atomic bomb and would have blasted mankind back into the stone age,
well all except for Germany. So thank the USA for your freedom; but of
course you will not; because the USA is the evil empire until some nation
try's to take over the world and then we are the good guy until we save
everyone's ars.



No war in Vietnam....

Vietnam had been at war for HUNDREDS of years before the USA got there,
before the USA the French were there.



No war in Iraq.....

Maybe not; but if it were not for the USA Iraq would be the very least of
the worlds problems; because as I already said, Germany would be ruling
the
world right now



No Yahoo in Washington who thinks he has a direct line to God, who is
*saving the world from terrorists*. Even tho the terrorists came from
Afghanistan, not Iraq. Guess he skipped geography in high school.
Along
with his National Guard duties.

Feel free to add to this list, coz I have laundry to do which takes
precedence over arguing with a Dimbulb!!

You just don't get it do you! Without the good ole US of A, you would
NOT
HAVE A COUNTRY to sit in and spout trash against what is most likely the
best country on earth. The USA comes to the aid of everyone and then
when
their troubles are over their countrymen stab us in the back and call us
the
ugly Americans. You would not have computers, (American invention) you
would not have the Internet, well the list goes one and one; but the
biggest
thing, without the USA, Germany may have won the first world war and
certainly would have won the second and then no one here or any where
else
would be having any talk on line; because Hitler would not allow it.